The Montauban temples (Tarn-et-Garonne)

The ideas of the Reformation were present as early as 1537 and spread to the majority of the population, with the result that the Reformed ruled the city in 1561. Acknowledged as one of the four safe places for the Protestants awarded by the Saint-Germain-en-Laye Treaty (1570), Montauban was to be considered one of the main French Protestant cities.

The "temple in the School"

  • Site of the new temple, Place du Coq in Montauban (82) © Collection privée

1565 : The Protestants set up a temple within the building of the Grande Boucherie. A school near the consulate castle is used as a place of public worship and called “the temple in the School“.

At the beginning of the 17th century, the city authorities were obliged to find means of accommodating the large reformed congregation.

The "old Temple"

1609 : the school, , in which the temple was built was destroyed (it is now part of the Lefranc de Pompignan Square) and a larger edifice erected on a bigger area to accommodate more people. This building was called the “old Temple” ; a new temple was built later by Pierre de Levesville.

The "new Temple"

1615 : The city authorities and Pierre de Levesville signed an agreement to build a new temple on what is now Place du Coq. This edifice required urban modifications.

1617 : The building of the new temple, called the “new Temple”, was completed. It was built on a centred plan, was 13m high and had a carefully decorated main portal. The front was decorated with spacious monumental pilasters and had two towers containing spiral staircases.

Successive destructions

29 October 1664 : A royal decree ordered the destruction of the “new Temple”. That same decree allowed the extension of the “old Temple”, but the Reformed did not dare take advantage of it.

Early 1665 : The “new Temple” was in ruins. In its place a cross was erected, topped by a cock.

2 June 1683 : A decree of the Toulouse Parliament forbade the practice of “Pretended Reformed Religion” (RPR) worship within the Montauban jurisdiction, and ordered the “old Temple” to be destroyed.

23 June 1683 : Destruction of the “old Temple”.

Bibliography

  • Books
    • DUBIEF Henri et POUJOL Jacques, La France protestante, Histoire et Lieux de mémoire, Max Chaleil éditeur, Montpellier, 1992, rééd. 2006, p. 450
    • GUICHARNAUD Hélène, Guide historique des rues de Montauban, Montauban, 1992, Tome 3, p. 500
    • GUICHARNAUD Hélène, Montauban au XVIIe siècle, 1560-1685 – Urbanisme et architecture, Picard, Paris, 1991
    • LAURENT René, Promenade à travers les temples de France, Les Presses du Languedoc, Millau, 1996, p. 520
    • REYMOND Bernard, L’architecture religieuse des protestants, Labor et Fides, Genève, 1996

Associated tours

  • History and architecture of Protestant temples
    The Protestants very readily adopted the term temple, still specific to French Calvinism, contrary to the Lutherans, with the exception of the Montbéliard region, the Anglicans, Presbyterians and Episcopelians who...

Associated notes